Maximize Your Real Estate Leads With PPC Google Ads: A Step-By-Step Guide by Andrew Steven

Pay-per-click (PPC) ads can be a powerful tool, no matter what industry you’re in. To get the real estate leads with PPC Google Ads, you need a targeted strategy that uses location-specific keywords, compelling copy, strong landing pages, and ongoing optimization.

Real estate is a unique industry driven by referrals and timing, and paying for search advertising can be a powerful and scalable tool. No matter the size of your operation, PPC can get your services and brand seen by high-intent customers exactly when they need to see it.

The power of Google Ads is that they can be applied both broadly and specifically. Google Ads for real estate agents use the same mechanisms as for other businesses, but need to be optimized differently.

Local Service Ads

Local Service Ads (LSAs) are an alternative to PPC we should discuss before diving in. Google Ads are driven by keywords provided by the businesses. This isn’t the case with LSAs.

For these ads, which appear in Google search results, you simply report the kind of service you offer and where. This means these ads take less work, but because they’re so heavily automated, you aren’t able to control the details that are needed for the most effective campaign.

Keywords Are Key

Intent

As with any business, you want users to engage with your ads and follow through. One of the ways to get this is by focusing your keywords. For starters, you can think about three categories of keywords: high, medium, and low intent.

High Intent

  • Homes for sale in [neighborhood]

  • Condos for sale [zip code]

  • Buy house in [city]

These keywords indicate more interest on the part of the user and try to meet them where they’re at.

Medium Intent

  • Best neighborhood [city]

  • First-time homebuyer [neighborhood]

Medium intent keywords show the potential customer doesn’t yet know where they want to live or what kind of real estate they’re trying to purchase. This level of intent can be helpful to cultivate clients, but often has little conversion.

Low Intent

  • Rent versus buy

  • What is closing cost

Low intent keywords are often used when a person is still researching; they may be years away from a purchase or never even make one. Use this ladder to target clients closer to a purchase and invest more in high intent keywords.

Location

Even people who don’t work in real estate know the expression ‘location, location, location.’ Of course, this applies to prices, availability, and market health, but it also applies to hooking potential clients.

You can vary the specificity of terms you use, but you can use extremely specific keywords to zero in on audiences. Here are three examples of how location keywords can get your ads in front of the right people:

  • Zip codes: Add a zip code to any combination of words in the vein of ‘[zip code] homes for sale.’

  • Neighborhoods: Add a neighborhood name to similar terms, like ‘condos for sale [neighborhood name].’

  • Schools: Find a school near your properties and add it, such as ‘homes near [high school name].’

Too much specificity can narrow your search away from potential buyers, but if you can get your ads in front of high intent searchers and present information on the part of the city they’re shopping in, you can cover a lot of ground that gets them closer to a purchase.

Going Negative

With so much focus on trying to figure out what your audience will be looking for, you can forget that it can be helpful to weed out some searchers by using negative keywords. Negative keywords work by not accidentally catering to an audience who may not be looking for your product but use related words to search for it. For example, if you sell eyeglasses, you can include ‘wine glasses’ as a negative keyword to make sure your ad isn’t served to people looking to stock their kitchen rather than adjust their eyesight.

You can increase your online real estate leads by carefully using negative keywords. For example, it can be helpful to remove educational terms like 'real estate license' or 'real estate classes.'

It can also be helpful to try to focus on the budget you’re targeting by using terms like 'free homes' or 'houses under 50k' as negative keywords. You can also use negative keywords to adjust intent by using terms like 'how to buy a home.'

The Next Step

Now that you know the step-by-step process of using PPC ads in real estate, take your business to the next level with BERK Labs. Reach out to us today to see how we can help you use the above techniques (and more) to get you leads and scale your business!

Running Google Ads for E-Commerce: The Essential Playbook by Andrew Steven

To successfully run Google Ads for e-commerce, you need a strategy that combines continuous testing, optimized feeds, distinct campaigns, and effective conversion tracking. Google Ads can offer businesses a unique blend of broad reach in multiple forms and precise control over budgets and targeting.

However, complexity and specificity have a push and pull with power. To get the most out of your investment, you have to know what you’re doing.

In this article, we’ll look at a practical approach to getting the results you want and how you can accomplish them on your own, as well as ways e-commerce Google Ads management services can take that work off your plate and maximize your investments.

Understanding Google Ads

The first step to making the right investments with Google Ads is understanding the various forms they can take.

  • Shopping ads: These appear as visual product listings in search results and are driven by the data or product feed created by the seller, not by keywords.

  • Search ads: These are text ads that appear in search results.

  • YouTube ads: These video ads have their own levers of control in that they can be skippable or not and can be displayed before, during or after YouTube videos.

  • Discovery ads: These ads are generated using images, logos, and text submitted by the business, and appear on the YouTube homepage and in the Google Discover feed.

  • Display ads: These are the ads most consumers are most familiar with, appearing as visual ads on webpages.

All these options require finesse if you want to maximize their value. Google Shopping ads optimization, for example, can be complex, but completely worth it once you figure out who to target with which product.

A High-Quality Feed

At the start of your e-commerce ad journey, you need a strong foundation, which is your feed. This is the collection of product information that details your product and allows you to group items into categories, which, in turn, allows you more precise control over your campaigns.

Google Shopping uses this feed instead of keywords. Here are some ways to optimize your feed:

  • Complete every available field; the more information, the better.

  • Use clear, keyword-rich product titles.

  • Use high-quality photos that center your product.

  • Include cost, shipping, and availability.

To start, clarity is key. You want would-be customers to take one look at your ad and know what you’re selling and if it fits their needs.

Campaign Structure

One of the important aspects of Google Ads is that you can categorize your products, allowing you to craft specific campaigns with parameters most effective for your goals. The way you categorize and break out products has a high ceiling for complexity, but here are some considerations to start:

  • You can group products based on margins and performance, such as creating a category for your bestsellers.

  • You can group products based on type (if you sell clothes, you can create a category just for running shoes)

  • You can group products based on promotion and seasonality.

You don’t want to market your bestsellers the same way you do your items on clearance, and you can shape those decisions by paying attention to your feed. These decisions should be made using data.

Tracking Conversions

Google Ads is powerful in part because it can both use and provide data. Tracking conversions is one of the key parts to understanding how your business is functioning and how your customers see it. Here are a few conversion events that can be helpful:

  • Purchase: This will communicate direct return on investment (ROI), telling you how well a product sells.

  • Add to cart: This indicates buyer intent and can provide future targets for remarketing.

  • Begin checkout: If you’re seeing interaction that doesn’t end in purchases, you can track this to see where the funnel drop-off point is occurring.

There are other conversion events that you can track, though it’s easy to get inundated with data that you ultimately don’t use. Tracking this information can be helpful, however, and give you a three-dimensional picture of where your business stands and where it needs to go.

Test, Test, Test

Once you have your product feed, your categories, and your conversion tracking in place, you should be able to craft unique and functional campaigns. The work is never done, however, because you should always be testing and adapting.

Experts in the industry, like those at BERK Labs, can help you implement full strategies that are informed by data, and we can help you use that data to change and respond to customer behavior.

Optimizing Google Shopping Ads: Unlock Your Store’s Potential by Andrew Steven

Google Shopping Ads are powerful tools, but they’re just that–tools. When optimized through data, Google Shopping Ads can increase visibility, drive traffic, and grow revenue.

If you run a startup or midsize business, you need to know how to use every advertising tool available, instead of running ads and hoping they work. E-commerce Google ads are just one piece of the puzzle.

Kinds of Google Ads

When most people think of Google Ads, they think of search ads. In reality, there are many kinds of ads offered through Google:

  • Search ads: These are displayed among search results when a potential customer is looking for something adjacent to your product

  • Display ads: These are the visual ads that appear on webpages, sometimes the product of businesses making use of remarketing for e-commerce.

  • Video ads: Before, during, or after, skippable or not, these ads play during YouTube videos.

  • App ads: Only used if you’re selling an app, Google has you designate text, language, and budget, then uses your data to do the rest.

  • Discovery ads: Appearing on the Google Discover feed and YouTube homepage, Google generates these ads using customer intent data and a range of images, logos, and text you submit.

Why Shopping Ads Are Different

First of all, Shopping ads don’t use keywords, they use your product data. This means that when Google generates and serves your ad, it will be to shoppers best paired with that offering. This allows Shopping ads access to more information and lets Google optimize their appearance.

Better Leads

Shopping ads can include price and product information, meaning potential customers save time researching competitors and are immediately closer to pulling the trigger on a purchase.

Better Campaigns

Because you don’t use keywords, you can invest in Shopping ad campaigns based on product groupings you set in your data feed.

Better Visibility

Shopping ads can have prominent placement, and if you have multiple products, they can appear in diverse forms on the same page.

Google Shopping Ad Optimization

Product feed affects how your products appear in Google’s ‘Shopping’ results, so optimizing that is one of the key parts of getting the most out of your ads.

  • Description: Be thorough and clear. Mention core features, benefits of your product, and things that set it apart. Try and do all of this while making the information easy to take in at a glance.

  • Images: Use high-resolution images that focus on the product. Again, you want would-be customers to know what you’re selling and how great it is with one look. Lifestyle photos can be powerful, but make sure that what you’re selling is center stage.

  • Title: Make sure you include name, brand, model, size, and key attributes. Use any and all consumer data to know which keywords shoppers use when searching so you can include those, as well.

  • Categories: Google automatically assigns a category based on your description (another reason to be clear and precise) but you can override that category to benefit your campaign if needed.

Campaign Structure

With your data feed perfected, the next step in optimization is making sure you have a plan for your campaign. Just like you don’t want to dump money in Google Ads and hope for the best, you don’t want to launch a campaign and hope it reaches who it needs to.

You can help your campaign be dynamic in a few ways. For example:

  • You can use smaller budgets to experiment with products that are seasonal or have previously been low-conversion.

  • You can bid aggressively with high-margin bestsellers to find your ceiling.

  • You can group clearance items to put them on their own track with distinct messaging.

As with much of Google Ads, you can choose to automate a large part of this, but getting those few extra percentages out of your investment comes from customization. Thankfully, you don’t have to understand and execute that customization all by yourself.

Optimize More Than Your Ads

When you’re a startup or mid-sized business with limited resources, Google Shopping ads can be a fantastic investment with huge return. Like all things, however, they work best when they’re treated as dynamic systems with multiple facets.

BERK Labs can help you get the most out of your investment–we can help you build smart and responsive Shopping ad strategies that are data-driven. And if you’re starting out, we can show you the basics, like how to run Google Ads for e-commerce. See what we can offer your business today!

E-Commerce Remarketing: Turning Browsers Into Buyers by Andrew Steven

When you work with e-commerce, you have to take every little edge you can. Remarketing can be one of those edges. E-commerce remarketing helps you turn browsers into buyers by targeting customers who engaged with your website but didn’t make a purchase.

Finding success in small and medium-sized businesses is a game of margins, and smart Google Ads management for e-commerce can help you pick up every sale possible.

Who Remarketing Targets

The Internet is filled with window shoppers–people thinking about buying things without actually buying them. In the real world, this can mean literally looking in the window or walking the aisles without picking up a product.

Online, however, this can go further. Potential customers might visit a website, compare products, add items to their shopping cart, and even start the checkout process, all before walking away. Remarketing aims to bring these people back.

How Remarketing Works

Remarketing is the process of showing ads to audiences that interacted with your site and didn’t make a purchase. By tracking user data and optimizing Google shopping ads, you can target specific demographics you know showed interest in your product.

This works in a number of ways, such as with:

Personalized Offers

Remarketing can track what products a would-be customer viewed, then show them ads for exactly that product.

Gentle Reminders

By presenting an ad to a potential customer, you can create another easy opportunity for them to complete their sale. Just because someone clicked away after adding your product to their shopping cart doesn’t mean they don’t want it.

Some people get distracted or lose Internet connection or realize they need to wait for their next paycheck. These would-be customers might complete their purchase as soon as they’re reminded.

Building Trust

If a shopper has already interacted with your brand, further exposure can help build familiarity. If they’re on the fence about choosing your product, seeing your business name in ads, even if they’re for adjacent products, can help solidify your brand as reputable.

Making Offers

Unlike the above category, there are some people who make it all the way to adding your product to their shopping cart but weren’t sure about pulling the trigger. Showing these users an ad offering a discount or highlighting a seasonal sale can push them over the edge into making a purchase.

Remarketing Strategies

Remarketing needs to be driven by data to be successful. Startups and mid-sized businesses need to make the most of their advertising, and with the right approach, remarketing can be a scalpel in a world of brute force.

Audience Segmentation

Break down user data as specifically as possible: if they left when they reached the homepage, what products they viewed, if they did or didn’t add the product to their cart, if they made it to the check out, etc.

Customize, Customize, Customize

Once your audience has been divided into small groups, you can target them specifically. The best ad for someone who clicked away at checkout might not be the best ad for someone who simply browsed a category.

Track Performance

Part of customizing is seeing what works. Say you make a different ad for the two example shoppers listed above. Run it for a little while, see what your returns are, look at the data, and adjust. If you aren’t using data every step of the way, you’re leaving customers (and their money) on the table.

Frequency Caps

As shoppers, we all know the feeling of oversaturation. Target your potential customers, but track who you’re targeting with what so you don’t overdo it.

Campaign Windows

It can be helpful to adjust the length of your campaign based on the price point of your product. Someone might be pulled back in after a month or two if they’re contemplating a major purchase like a couch or refrigerator, but this might not work as well for someone who was browsing lower cost items.

Pick the Platform

You can target would-be shoppers through ads encountered while browsing, top search results, or social media platforms. Follow the data and see where you’re most likely to reach that segment and what kind of ad will work best there.

Turning Browsers Into Buyers

It’s hard to get people through the digital door of your shop to look at what you’re offering, but BERK Labs can help. Schedule a consultation today to see how we can help you use dynamic ads, performance metrics, and remarketing to grow your business!

Understanding Google Ads Metrics: Essential KPIs to Optimize Your Campaigns by Andrew Steven

To optimize your Google Ads, you need to monitor and respond to click-through rates, costs per acquisition, and returns on ad spend. This can be complex, so many companies find it worthwhile to hire a Google Ads management agency. Regardless if you hire someone or do it yourself, tracking Google Ads metrics is absolutely necessary to advertising success.

Why Metrics Matter

In a way, the wealth of information and specificity available to businesses today is a double-edged sword. Google Ads allows for incredible precision in the kind of ad, the target audience, and even the specific time it's delivered.

However, this means you need to be very precise about what and when and who you aim for. Monitoring the right KPIs (key performance indicators) can help you:

  • Identify underperforming ads

  • Adjust content to respond to underperformance

  • Maximize profitability

The most expensive ad in the world is worthless if it doesn’t work. What’s of real value is being able to tell what is breaking through and what isn’t.

KPIs to Watch

Click-Through Rate (CTR)

The first measure of an ad working is does a user engage with it. CTR is a simple number, measuring the percentage of visitors who click on an ad when they see it.

A high CTR obviously means it resonates with the audience in some way. A low CTR could mean a number of things. Expertise is needed to know if the messaging is mismatched with the user, if the design is weak, if more incentive is needed, or something else.

CTR is expressed as a percentage calculated by dividing the number of clicks your ad receives by the number of times it was shown. If your ad was shown one hundred times and it was clicked on ten times, its CTR would be 10%.

Conversion Rate

The second measure of an ad working is conversion. It might feel like a success to have a high CTR, but once the user is linked to your site, what do they do? Maybe you want them to make a purchase, fill out a form, register an account, or download content. If they leave without doing any of those things, something went wrong.

This doesn’t necessarily mean the ad was a failure. It could mean your website design needs to be simplified or you need a clearer call-to-action.

Conversion rate is reached by dividing the number of conversions by total number of ad interactions during the same time period. If your ad had 1,000 interactions and fifty conversions, the conversion rate would be 5%.

Cost Per Acquisition (CPA)

All the above could go right–a user could see your ad, click on it, and do what you hoped they would–and the ad might still be a failure. This is where money comes in.

CPA measures how much it costs to get one customer. If your average customer generates $100 in revenue, but your CPA is $100, you’re spending money just to break even.

This is why metrics are so important. You might see your sales jump after an ad buy, but until you dial in on the specific audience that’s driving those sales and stop wasting money on excess advertising, you’re not maximizing your profit.

Return on Ad Spend (ROAS)

Related to CPA, ROAS calculates how much your business earns for every dollar you spend on advertising. For example, a ROAS of 500% or 5:1 means your company makes $5 for every $1 spent.

This is different from CPA, because CPA doesn’t directly consider the revenue generated. You might have an idea of how much each customer might bank you on average, but CPA doesn’t take that into account.

The target ROAS for your company depends on your business model and margins, especially as they relate to the size of orders and how important each individual customer is to your revenue.

Turning Metrics into Success

Understanding Google Ads metrics can be challenging, especially because there’s no single correct number every business should strive for. Every measure of success looks different for each company.

This is where the experts at BERK Labs can help. With our experience working with Google Ads and creating winning campaigns based on KPIs, we can make sure your money is well spent and help your business achieve its goals.

If you need an example of our expertise, check out our advice on how to get more leads from your website!

How to Get More Leads From Your Website: Proven Strategies for Boosting Conversions by Andrew Steven

If you run a startup or a small or medium sized business, you know that optimization is everything. Whenever possible, you have to make a little more money or squeeze a little more value out of everything your company touches.

Your website is one of those things. You can get more leads from your website by improving user experience, building trust with customers, and providing clear calls-to-action.

Whether they focus on traditional ad buys or Google Ads, agency specialists can help you maximize your advertising returns. Agencies do this in part by recognizing that getting people to your website is only part of the challenge.

Turning them into customers requires data, understanding user behavior, and a performance-informed approach. If you’re really dedicated, however, you might be able to do these things yourself–this article can help.

UX Is King

User experience (UX) is of paramount importance for businesses of any size. Part of improving UX means reducing the opportunities for a potential customer to walk away. Confusing navigation, weak mobile performance, and slow load time are the three horsemen of a failing UX.

If any small business needs to be convinced of this, just look up statistics on how quickly conversions decline for every second they wait for a website to load. Simplicity, clarity, and speed should be your guiding principles.

  • Make sure your website loads quickly.

  • Make navigation easy to engage.

  • Design your website for mobile first. Understanding Google Ads metrics lets you make sure this is true of your customer base, but it’s often a safe bet that the mobile experience matters more.

  • Use strong visuals and concise copy.

If your website appears quickly and potential customers don’t have even a moment of confusion, they’re much more likely to stay on your site and take action.

Foundation of Trust

Trust can be difficult to build in the digital age, but there are a few things businesses can do to get potential customers on their side.

  • This overlaps with UX, but make sure your website looks professional and modern. Users may be suspicious of a website that looks unprofessional or outdated.

  • Display certifications given within your industry.

  • Establish yourself as an expert in your field by providing content valuable to those looking for authoritative information. This will also help your SEO ranking.

  • Include testimonials or case studies.

Outside of your website, social media is one of the most important ways to build credibility, so knock the above out of the park so you can give attention to your other platforms.

Answering the Call

Even a well-designed website that’s trusted and loads quickly can struggle to convert visits into purchases. This is where calls-to-action (CTAs) come in. There are a few keys to designing effective CTAs.

Clarity

Just as with UX, simple is better. Users need to know right away and in clear terms what they’re getting.

Value

Be it a discount, a time-bound deal, or some other benefit, make it clear to visitors why they should act now.

Visibility

Place CTAs thoughtfully and frequently.

If you’ve successfully removed all the roadblocks and easy excuses, CTAs can guide your potential clients into becoming actual clients right away. Just make sure you know what you want your visitors to do.

Do you want visitors to get on your mailing list, book a consultation, fill out a form, or download a resource? As in life, if you don’t know what you want them to do, how can they know?

Lead Capture Techniques

By now, lead capture techniques are common. Here are a few:

  • Chatbots can pop up and attempt to initiate conversations with visitors.

  • Exit-intent popups can try to pull visitors back in.

  • Premium content can require visitors to register.

Different audiences and fields respond differently to these techniques, and testing and analytics is necessary to understand what works for you.

The Help Your Business Needs

To a certain degree, advertising is always guesswork, but the less you know about it, the more you’re guessing. The more you’re guessing, the more money you risk wasting.

This is where marketing agencies and their experts come in. With experience in a diverse range of ads and how to optimize them, quality agencies can help you analyze and adjust your content to reach your audience and get them to act.

If you’re interested in getting experts on your side to get more leads from your website or you’re wondering how much Google Ads management costs, reach out to BERK Labs today and see how we can help your business grow!

How Much Do Google Ads Cost? Understanding Pricing and Management Fees by Andrew Steven

Like many parts of business, how much you spend on Google Ads can vary widely. Cost per click (CPC) can range from $.25 to $100.00 and above. These costs vary based on industry, competition, and Quality Score.

Google Ads management makes it easier to ensure your money is being well spent, but there’s no single best solution across the board. With some insight and professional help, you can make sure you get the most out of your Google Ad buys.

What Determines How Much Google Ads Cost?

Google Ads function through a bidding system. Whenever a business buys ad space on Google, they announce how much they are willing to spend per click or per number of views.

If you pay more, your ad is more likely to be seen so long as the ad has a high quality score. Here are other factors that can impact cost:

Industry

The cost of ads varies widely depending on the industry. Part of the reason for this is that the ROI (return on investment) for a single click on an ad for a legal firm could equal thousands of dollars for the law firm, whereas a single click for a retail clothing shop might mean $5 in revenue. Industries that stand to make more from advertising tend to get charged more.

Competition

As the owner of a small or medium-sized business, supply and demand runs your life. Google Ads is no different. More businesses doing what your business is doing and competing for the same audience will drive up prices.

Quality Score

Quality Score is a measurement established by Google to rate the quality of any given ad. To reach this number, Google assesses the ad’s relevance, expected clickthrough rate, and landing page experience. By measuring these factors, Google rates the quality of your ad, which in turn affects the cost.

Location and Time

This is really another version of competition, as ads displayed in competitive regions during competitive times of day can be more expensive.

Optimizing Your Ads

Ad Rank

Like your Quality Score, Ad Rank is a measurement determined by Google to assess if your ad qualifies to be shown and where on the page it will be displayed. A number of factors are combined in this, including your bid amount, the ad’s Quality Score, your landing page, and the competitiveness of the ad space. Ad Rank is also affected by each specific search (for example, a searcher’s location can change where your ad might rank).

Target Effectively

Ad success doesn’t just mean getting people to click–it means getting the right people to click.

Proper Tracking

In order to know what is and isn’t working, you need to have strong performance measurements in place.

Landing Page Quality

It bears repeating that your landing page impacts your relationship to Google Ads. Even if you make the perfect ad, you need to have a good landing page to back it up.

Management Assistance

Running an effective ad campaign is a fulltime job, often requiring a team of people to plan, bring to fruition, and adjust over time. Depending on your ROI, spending money on ads can leave you with extremely narrow margins. If your profit per sale is only $5, you have to be cautious about how you spend your advertising budget. Because of this, some businesses turn to the experts and consultants found at agencies.

These specialists can research successful keywords and campaign structures, help you optimize your Google Ad bids, perform competitor analysis, measure performance, and advise on necessary adjustments. These advertising managers sometimes charge hourly, sometimes by project, and sometimes ask for a percentage of the ad spend.

Finding the Right Help

In a world where you need to be an expert in your field to run a business, it can be hard to have the time or money to also become an expert in advertising. BERK Labs can help. This full-service digital marketing agency has expertise with a range of platforms and analytic tools so you don’t have to.

There are a lot of variables that go into making a successful ad that’s worth the money you spend on it. BERK Labs can help you figure out how to get more leads from your website and make sure that the money you spend is used as efficiently as possible. If you want to know how much Google Ads management costs, reach out today and see what BERK Labs can do for you!

Thoughts on Distributed Productivity by Joshua Berk

Provide tools to the distributed learner/worker for shared success.

Just as co-working is becoming the new-norm for the modern worker, education will become similarly stratified, aimed squarely at point-solutions for specific end-goals. Long gone are fully-integrated conglomerates, and the same is true of universities. That is not to say the need for multi-disciplinary learning will erode, but rather that it will become ever-more prevalent, with students seeking their knowledge from various, loosely-intertwined sources of specialty. In our new digital reality, everything will distill into what one might recognize as self-sufficient “minimum viable entities” (MVEs) … professionally, and personally. This shift is more simple than it may appear — the economist notes that how we organize ourselves will define our focus.

The new vector of value-addition in this modular economic model will be a layer of services (on top) and infrastructure (below) to support specialists which represent (effectively) the concentrated nodes of informational/experiential density. Others (like Gartner) have referred to this as the 'bottom-up economy.' The premium will continue to be paid to the creative destructors of our generation, the thought-leaders who re-orient our understanding of fundamental problems into simpler, more resonant concepts through the connection of otherwise disparate ideas. Take note: opportunities emerge for knowledge transfer and specialized skills development to assist in portability and agility of MVEs (e.g. coding bootcamps or Skillshare).

Abstractly speaking, the distinct barrier between aggregated entities and individuals will continue to blur, as each will take on characteristics of the other; value that one might capture is a function of what one will create, rather than protect. Much like GitHub, entrepreneurs should strive (primarily through software) to unlock the benefits for everyone from (traditional) larger organizations, which will gradually cease to exist. Economists understand this concept as 'unbundling' -- shifting the focus to search and discovery (using AI/ML recommendation algorithms). Examples of the new distributed productivity are abound: MIT's curriculum is fragmenting, and mobile devices are proliferating, which enables sharing-economy services like UberAirbnb, Taskrabbit, or Makespace (although there are challenges). Digital nomads, prepare for the new normal.